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Levelt W.J.M. 1989. Speaking: From intention to articulation. Cambridge, Ma: MIT. Press. 掛詩春;1991;長沙:湖南敦育出版社.
In light of Levelt's Cognitive Speaking Model, this paper attempts a critical interpretation of a new speaking approach: From Writing to Speaking (language planning by writing). 通過反思已有的實踐和理論研究，文章系統闡釋了在非自然語言環境下學習口語時，書麪言語槼劃所具有的降低情感焦慮、提陞思維能力、強化言語表達（言爲心聲，言之有物，言之成理）的獨特功能。